解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Medical liability coverage has become increasingly expensive and scarce since 2001, especially for obstetrics and other high-risk specialties. Physicians, whose own fees are constrained, see this as a crisis needing tort reform to cap payouts. Plaintiffs' lawyers fight caps; they blame insurance trends and call for st...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.11.003
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Birth injuries of the brachial plexus are fairly common, but the majority of affected newborns make quick recoveries without any specific intervention. A minority suffer more severe injuries that lead to varying degrees of life-long disability. Happily, modern microsurgical techniques permit reconstruction of certain ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.11.006
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several microangiopathic disorders that are encountered during pregnancy provide physicians with a formidable diagnostic challenge. Severe pre-eclampsia with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome and many other obstetric and medical or surgical conditions produce similar clinical presen...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.06.007
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The management of PPHN entered a new era with the development of inhaled NO therapy for the relief of pulmonary hypertension. The wider application of INO therapy and improved ventilation strategies led to a decrease in the need for invasive life-sustaining therapies such as ECMO. The remarkable advances in the unders...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.04.001
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::New knowledge has accumulated in recent years making it prudent to ask questions regarding current oxygenation policies and guidelines. Because new-born resuscitation affects so many individuals, and because resuscitation procedures may have dramatic consequences on infant and child health, intensified discussion and ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.04.021
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary aim of this article is to define good lighting for caregivers(both medical staff and families) working in the hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and other areas associated with the critical care environment. Defining good lighting requires understanding that lighting is not only important for the...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.04.012
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The specific pathologic processes preceding the onset of irreversible cerebral injury seem to be a combination of several complex mechanisms due to the severity and duration of the insult to the biochemical modifications in the brain. An early diagnosis of the newborn at high risk for brain damage is relevant for prev...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.03.008
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm birth is a major complication of pregnancy and remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Improvements in the authors' understanding of the pathophysiology of preterm labor have led to the development of novel diagnostic tools of use to identify women at greatest risk for preterm bi...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(03)00109-x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::MPR and ST are important options for patients who have multifetal pregnancies. Both procedures have been shown to be technically safe and result in acceptable pregnancy loss rates and GAs at delivery. An important caveat is that these findings are observed in centers that have vast experience performing this type of p...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(03)00055-1
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have learned from prenatal diagnosis that there is a wide spectrum of clinical severity for fetuses that have a lung mass. Accurate prognostic information is necessary for providing appropriate management and parental counseling. If an associated life-threatening anomaly is present or if the mother is ill with the ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(03)00047-2
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The care of extremely premature infants involves a number of complex clinical and ethical issues. The ethical and scientific quality of decisions made in the care of these infants has profound long-term consequences for these infants and their families. In circumstances when it is unclear whether intensive care should...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(03)00028-9
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Every diagnostic test causes additional cost if not additional risk. The cost and risk are justified if the test result is likely to change what is done for patients. This includes a diagnostic test that does not alter therapy but provides important prognostic information for the parents. Whether the test result chang...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(03)00022-8
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of ethical considerations arise with regard to screening for, detecting, and managing fetal anomalies. Some of these considerations involve the need to give attention to emotional distress the pregnant woman might be experiencing. The ethical principle of beneficence gives rise to a duty of the obstetrician t...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(02)00083-0
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the fact that hypoglycemia is an extremely common disorder of the newborn, consensus has been difficult to reach regarding definition, diagnosis, outcome, and treatment. With improved neuroradiologic techniques, such as MRI and PET scanning becoming increasingly available, studies to determine the correlation ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(02)00054-4
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the authors' review of the literature on pediatric postoperative pain assessment with special attention to groups of vulnerable infants, this article (1) reports on type of surgery and its relationship to postoperative pain intensity; (2) reviews the characteristics of existing postoperative pain instruments ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(02)00015-5
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nutritional support of gastrointestinal growth and function is an important consideration in the clinical care of neonatal infants. In most health infants, the provision of either breast milk or formula seems to support normal intestinal mucosal growth, but the most significant advantages of breast milk may be for...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(03)00065-4
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors believe that the literature provides sufficient evidence that antenatal corticosteroid administration is beneficial and safe even in conditions of ruptured membranes. The evidence by now is remarkably robust and one can be reasonably confident regarding the benefits of antenatal corticosteroids in the sett...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(03)00078-2
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exogenous surfactant therapy has been a significant advance in the management of preterm infants with RDS. It has become established as a standard part of the management of such infants. Both natural and synthetic surfactants lead to clinical improvement and decreased mortality, with natural surfactants having additio...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70112-3
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decades of research have led to the understanding of neonatal pulmonary physiology and have influenced the clinical care that neonatologists provide to the sick newborn. Advances in microprocessor technology have allowed for clinical access of the research-based measurements of neonatal pulmonary functions. These eval...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70102-0
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past, all women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer were considered to be at increased risk of cancer themselves. The discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 demonstrated that susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer can be inherited by women as a single-gene autosomal dominant disorder. For such women, e...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70091-9
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The LBW infant with congenital heart defects is likely to be at a higher risk for postoperative death and complications than their normal-sized counterparts because of the effects of prematurity and other organ system dysfunction. Current experience, however, does not suggest that waiting to obtain an arbitrary weight...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70078-6
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evaluation of the craniofacial region is a multistep process. First, sonographic skill and expertise are required to ascertain these often subtle abnormalities. Next, precise measurements must be obtained in appropriate and reproducible planes. Finally, a thorough search for other related fetal anomalies is essent...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70054-3
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutropenia is a relatively common problem in the NICU, recognized in as many as 8% of patients at some time during their hospital stay. In most instances, neutropenia among NICU patients is of short duration and has little influence on outcome. In other cases it is prolonged and severe, and constitutes a serious anti...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70040-3
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the role of biologic and environmental factors in determining the long-term outcomes of extremely low-birth weight infants. Research focusing on follow-up to at least 4 years of age is reviewed. Methodologic issues related to sampling, the use of control groups, and diagnostic criteria are also d...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70031-2
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm births remain a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality despite our efforts over the past several decades. Our improved understanding of the complex mechanisms surrounding preterm labor, however, has resulted in the development of numerous biologic and clinical predictors of spontaneous preterm births....
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70021-x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it has been customary to treat neonatal jaundice at lower serum bilirubin levels in low-birth weight infants than in term infants, the threshold bilirubin levels and long-term benefits for early treatment of preterm infants have not been validated. This article summarizes and evaluates existing evidence and s...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70012-9
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::When tissue oxygenation is impaired, compensatory mechanisms occur, including a redistribution of blood flow in order to maintain oxygen delivery to vital organs, resulting in a fall in peripheral blood flow. Monitoring peripheral oxygenation therefore has potential benefits as it may provide an early warning of chang...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expertise in neonatal resuscitation is essential for all hospital personnel involved in the care of newborn infants. The guidelines to resuscitation reviewed here have been established by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Heart Association and have resulted in significantly improved training and expe...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Healthy People 2000 objectives for breastfeeding were to move the breastfeeding initiation rate to 75% from 54% and the breastfeeding continuation rate to 50% at age 6 months from the 1988 baseline of 21%. The 1996 data indicated that the goal will not be met either for initiation or duration in spite of governmen...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human milk provided by healthy and well-nourished mothers is believed to cover the infant's nutrient requirements during the first half year of life. It is composed of a mixture of nutritive components as well as other bioactive factors with relevant physiologic effects in the neonate infant. Human milk composition ha...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes the early history of the "boarder baby" phenomenon through the late 1980s and early 1990s. The characteristics of the recent "boarder baby" population and of the problem are described with particular emphasis on the role of alcohol and drug abuse and the historical lack of coordination between h...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scientific study of prenatal drug exposure and child outcome began a period of substantial growth in the 1970s with a focus on exposure to opiates. By the mid-1980s, attention shifted to cocaine. Most of this research has involved cohort studies in which groups of children are followed up longitudinally from birth. Si...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance appears to be a causative mechanism for the development of essential hypertension. Insulin resistance syndrome consists of a cluster of abnormalities that aggravate preexisting tendencies to develop hypertension, resulting in a cascade of physiologic alterations and ultimately leading to increased r...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prematurity is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the industrial world, occurring in 4% to 9% of all deliveries, a rate that has remained unchanged during the past decades. Despite the relative minority of obstetric patients affected by this problem, prematurity is responsible for approximately ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of perinatal education has been transformed, reflecting the changes in health care and health care consumers. Because of short maternity stays, the venue of most perinatal education, especially postpartum education, has moved from hospitals to other areas, including the home. In light of conflicting finding...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liquid breathing has been in medical literature for nearly 80 years and has been proposed as a means of improving gas exchange in critically ill infants since the 1970s. Extensive laboratory experience with perfluorochemical liquid ventilation has lead to clinical trials in infants, children, and adults. This article ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current methods of intrapartum surveillance have made little impact on fetal mortality and morbidity while leading to increased caesarean section rates. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a powerful new technique that can continuously measure changes in fetal cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics during labor. Data are pre...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhinitis is extremely common during pregnancy, and asthma is one of the most common potentially serious medical problems to complicate pregnancy. Cutaneous allergy (urticaria/angioedema and eczema) also may occur during pregnancy. All of these entities may worsen with pregnancy in some patients and appear to improve i...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article summarizes new information on the natural history of maternal varicella and maternal parvovirus B19. Controversies in the therapy of respiratory syncytial virus are presented. Prophylactic and therapeutic immunotherapy of neonatal enteroviral disease are reviewed. ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We emphasize again that the prevalence of maternal infections may vary in different populations, and others might arrive at different estimates about the percentage of infants colonized and, concerning those infants colonized, about the percentage with adverse outcomes. Additionally, many women are colonized or infect...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00